工业(ye)(ye)润滑(hua)(hua)油(you)(you)(you)应用范(fan)围很(hen)(hen)广，基(ji)础(chu)油(you)(you)(you)的(de)种类也(ye)很(hen)(hen)多，如：纯矿物(wu)油(you)(you)(you)，PAO聚ɑ稀烃合(he)成油(you)(you)(you)，聚醚合(he)成油(you)(you)(you)，烷基(ji)苯油(you)(you)(you)，可(ke)(ke)生物(wu)降(jiang)解(jie)脂类油(you)(you)(you)。当它们成为某种工业(ye)(ye)润滑(hua)(hua)油(you)(you)(you)时，它们之间是(shi)不(bu)能(neng)相互混合(he)的(de)，例如聚醚合(he)成油(you)(you)(you)和别的(de)工业(ye)(ye)油(you)(you)(you)混合(he)之后，其性能(neng)就会显著下(xia)降(jiang)。工业(ye)(ye)润滑(hua)(hua)油(you)(you)(you)在不(bu)同的(de)应用场合(he)中，其添加剂(ji)(ji)也(ye)不(bu)一样。室外(wai)(wai)用的(de)液压油(you)(you)(you)要有适合(he)当地(di)的(de)温度变化，就不(bu)能(neng)用室内密闭环境下(xia)的(de)液压油(you)(you)(you)。另(ling)外(wai)(wai)象(xiang)重(zhong)载齿轮(lun)油(you)(you)(you)和成型油(you)(you)(you)使用条件也(ye)不(bu)同，重(zhong)载齿轮(lun)油(you)(you)(you)含有极压添加剂(ji)(ji)来确保可(ke)(ke)以在苛刻环境下(xia)使用，成型油(you)(you)(you)，通常是(shi)纯矿物(wu)油(you)(you)(you)，不(bu)含添加剂(ji)(ji)。

润(run)(run)滑(hua)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)基(ji)(ji)(ji)础(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)主要(yao)分(fen)矿(kuang)物(wu)(wu)基(ji)(ji)(ji)础(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、合(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)基(ji)(ji)(ji)础(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)基(ji)(ji)(ji)础(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)三大(da)类(lei)。矿(kuang)物(wu)(wu)基(ji)(ji)(ji)础(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)应(ying)用(yong)(yong)广泛，用(yong)(yong)量很大(da)（约95%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)），但有(you)些应(ying)用(yong)(yong)场合(he)(he)则必须使用(yong)(yong)合(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)基(ji)(ji)(ji)础(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)或者(zhe)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)（生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)基(ji)(ji)(ji)）基(ji)(ji)(ji)础(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)调配的(de)产品，因而(er)使这(zhei)两种基(ji)(ji)(ji)础(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)得到迅(xun)速发展。　矿(kuang)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)基(ji)(ji)(ji)础(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)由原油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)提炼(lian)而(er)成(cheng)(cheng)。润(run)(run)滑(hua)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)基(ji)(ji)(ji)础(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)主要(yao)生(sheng)(sheng)产过(guo)程有(you)：常减(jian)压蒸馏、溶(rong)剂脱沥青(qing)、溶(rong)剂精(jing)(jing)制、溶(rong)剂脱蜡(la)、白土或加(jia)氢补充精(jing)(jing)制。1995年修订了中国现行(xing)的(de)润(run)(run)滑(hua)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)基(ji)(ji)(ji)础(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)标准(zhun)，主要(yao)修改了分(fen)类(lei)方(fang)法(fa)，并增(zeng)加(jia)了低凝(ning)和深度精(jing)(jing)制两类(lei)专(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)基(ji)(ji)(ji)础(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)标准(zhun)。矿(kuang)物(wu)(wu)型润(run)(run)滑(hua)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)产，最(zui)重要(yao)的(de)是(shi)选用(yong)(yong)最(zui)佳的(de)原油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。　矿(kuang)物(wu)(wu)基(ji)(ji)(ji)础(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)化(hua)学成(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)包(bao)括高(gao)沸点、高(gao)分(fen)子量烃(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)类(lei)和非(fei)烃(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)类(lei)混合(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)。其组成(cheng)(cheng)一般为烷(wan)(wan)烃(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)（直链、支链、多支链）、环(huan)烷(wan)(wan)烃(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)（单环(huan)、双(shuang)环(huan)、多环(huan)）、芳烃(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)（单环(huan)芳烃(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、多环(huan)芳烃(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)）、环(huan)烷(wan)(wan)基(ji)(ji)(ji)芳烃(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及含(han)氧、含(han)氮(dan)、含(han)硫有(you)机化(hua)合(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)和胶质、沥青(qing)质等非(fei)烃(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)类(lei)化(hua)合(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)。　生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)基(ji)(ji)(ji)础(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)（植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)）正越(yue)来(lai)越(yue)受欢(huan)迎，它可以(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)降(jiang)解(jie)而(er)迅(xun)速的(de)降(jiang)低环(huan)境(jing)污染(ran)。由于(yu)当今(jin)世(shi)界(jie)上(shang)所有(you)的(de)工业企业都在寻求减(jian)少(shao)对环(huan)境(jing)污染(ran)的(de)措施(shi)，而(er)这(zhei)种”天然(ran)”润(run)(run)滑(hua)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)正拥有(you)这(zhei)个特点，虽然(ran)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)成(cheng)(cheng)本高(gao)，但所增(zeng)加(jia)的(de)费用(yong)(yong)足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)抵(di)消使用(yong)(yong)其它矿(kuang)物(wu)(wu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、合(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)润(run)(run)滑(hua)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所带来(lai)的(de)环(huan)境(jing)治理费用(yong)(yong)。